Which type of cancer is predominantly associated with atrophy of the basal ganglia and genetic history of early-onset neurological symptoms?

Huntington's disease is predominantly associated with atrophy of the basal ganglia and a genetic history of early-onset neurological symptoms. This progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affects the basal ganglia, leading to characteristic motor dysfunctions, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms.

The genetic basis of Huntington’s disease is linked to an expanded CAG repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4. This leads to the production of an abnormal protein that progressively damages neurons in the basal ganglia and other areas of the brain. Symptoms typically begin in mid-adulthood, but early-onset forms can occur and are often characterized by a family history of the disease.

In contrast, frontotemporal dementia primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to changes in behavior and language rather than predominant basal ganglia atrophy. Alzheimer's disease typically presents with significant memory loss and other cognitive deficits associated with widespread brain atrophy, but not specifically linked to the basal ganglia. Parkinson's disease involves the degradation of the substantia nigra, often resulting in motor symptoms such as tremors and stiffness, but it does not have the same genetic inheritance pattern or the early-onset issues directly related to basal ganglia atrophy seen in Huntington’s disease